Dozens in China hepatitis scare

5 February 2013 Last updated at 04:59 ET

Dozens of people in China's Liaoning province are suspected of having contracted hepatitis C from injections at a clinic, say state media.

Xinhua said an investigation was launched in to the Donggang city clinic in late January after a tip-off.

Officials screened 120 people who had received varicose vein treatment there and say 95 may have been infected.

The agency said "the possibility of improper medical behaviour" at the clinic had not been ruled out.

The potentially infected people are being treated in hospital, says Xinhua, and investigations are continuing.

Hepatitis C is an infectious disease which is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact.

It is a lifelong disease which mainly affects the liver and can lead to cirrhosis, where the liver becomes scarred and cannot function, or liver cancer. It can be fatal if untreated.

In 2001, it emerged that hundreds of thousands of people in China's central Henan province may have been infected with the HIV virus after selling their blood in the early 1990s.

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'Multiple' N Korea tests warning

5 February 2013 Last updated at 05:25 ET

South Korea's outgoing leader, Lee Myung-bak, has warned that North Korea could be planning more than one nuclear test, even as the US spoke of consequences if it went ahead.

Lee Myung-bak, who leaves office this month, told Choson Ilbo newspaper that Pyongyang could be planning "multiple nuclear tests at two places or more".

North Korea said in January it was planning a "high-level nuclear test".

It has conducted two nuclear tests before, in 2006 and 2009.

Both followed the launch of long-range rockets, actions condemned by the UN as banned tests of missile technology.

Pyongyang has given no timeframe for the test, but analysts say satellite imagery indicates preparations at the test site in Punggye-ri are almost complete, with a tunnel in the mountainside apparently being sealed up, a key step before the test can take place.

On Sunday, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un issued what were described as "important" guidelines at a high-level government meeting, another indication that the test is imminent.

The Washington-based Institute of Science and International Security has said that although recent satellite images "do not reveal whether a test is imminent, the on-going activity at the site justifies concern that a test will soon occur".

'Miniaturised'

In a phone call on Monday, the new US Secretary of State John Kerry and his South Korean counterpart Kim Sung-hwan agreed that if North Korea "continues its provocative behaviour and takes further steps, that there must be further consequences", State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland told reporters.

The UN Security Council agreed in January to increase sanctions against North Korea after it carried out a long-range rocket launch in December. It also warned Pyongyang it would face "significant action" if the planned nuclear test went ahead.

But Mr Lee said it would be "difficult to persuade the North regime to give up the nuclear path", and that North Korea's reference to a "high-level" test could indicate it planned to detonate more than one device.

A test could also bring the country closer to miniaturisation of nuclear weapons, a key marker in turning nuclear devices into deployable weapons.

"If the North produces miniaturised weapons that can be used as warheads on missiles, it would really pose a threat," Mr Lee told Chosun Ilbo. "That's why the whole world is watching it so intensively."

North Korea watchers have previously said that analysis of the test site indicates two tests could be being prepared.

The country's two previous tests have both involved plutonium devices, but some analysts say the threat of "high-level" testing could also indicate the North intends to detonate its first nuclear device made with highly-enriched uranium.

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First witness in Delhi rape trial

5 February 2013 Last updated at 05:56 ET

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The BBC's Sanjoy Majumder reports from outside the court in Delhi

A court in the Indian capital, Delhi, has been hearing the first evidence from witnesses in the case of the gang rape and murder of a 23-year-old physiotherapy student in December.

Five men deny abduction, rape and murder. If convicted, they could face the death penalty. A sixth suspect is to be tried by a juvenile court.

No reporting was allowed of Tuesday's proceedings, which have now ended.

The assault outraged India and sparked a debate about treatment of women.

Reporting restrictions

The first of 80 witnesses to be produced by the prosecution took the stand in the Saket District Court on Tuesday.

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At the scene

This was a key moment in what has become one of India's most closely watched trials.

The five accused arrived in a police van from prison, their faces hooded. And the bus on which the alleged assault took place was also driven into the court complex, as it is a prosecution exhibit.

Over the next several days, the prosecution will produce a number of witnesses, including police officers, forensics experts and doctors who treated the young woman in hospital.

The actual trial is being conducted in secrecy. Even before the day's proceedings got underway, the courtroom was cleared with only the accused, witnesses and lawyers allowed to remain. But that has not prevented the local and international media from taking up positions outside the court, determined to capture every moment in this complex and dramatic trial.

All reporting of proceedings inside the courtroom has been banned and the judge has ordered lawyers not to speak to reporters.

One key witness in the case is the victim's male friend, who was with her when she was attacked on a bus and thrown from the vehicle.

The student died in a Singapore hospital on 29 December from her internal injuries.

She and her 28-year-old companion cannot be named for legal reasons. He arrived at the courthouse in a wheelchair, still unable to walk properly due to injuries suffered in the attack.

His father, who accompanied him into the court complex, told Agence France-Presse news agency: "My son will go to any lengths to ensure that the guilty are punished."

The bus believed to have been used in the attack was driven into the court complex on Tuesday.

The five defendants facing trial in the Saket fast-track court are Ram Singh and his brother Mukesh, Pawan Gupta, Vinay Sharma and Akshay Thakur.

They face 13 charges, including murder, gang-rape, kidnapping and destruction of evidence.

Prosecutors say they have extensive forensic evidence, supported by the suspects' mobile-phone records and the testimony of the dying woman and her companion.

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India's fast-track courts

• Some 1,200 fast-track courts were operating in India as of March 2012
• In Delhi, six fast-track courts were ordered for the trial of cases related to crimes against women, especially rape. Some other states such as Punjab and Maharashtra are also setting up fast-track courts for this purpose
• In 2000, central government started a scheme for more than 1,700 fast-track courts to try to clear the backlog of cases clogging up the Indian judicial system, partly related to a shortage of judges
• Funding is an issue because the central government said it could no longer fund them after March 2011, leaving future funding decisions to individual states

Defence lawyers are expected to argue that the forensic evidence has been fabricated and that the rush to prosecute has led to an unsafe trial.

The sixth suspect, who is 17, will face trial in a juvenile court.

The maximum sentence he would face if convicted would be three years in a reform facility.

The BBC's Sanjoy Majumder in Delhi says the case is being closely followed in India, where it has led to massive protests about the treatment of women and how the police and legal system tackle sex crimes.

On Sunday, Indian President Pranab Mukherjee signed a new anti-rape law which has increased the minimum sentence for those convicted of gang-rape and allows for the death penalty to be used in extreme cases.

But women's groups have come out against the new law, saying that marital rape and sexual assaults by Indian security forces in conflict zones should have been included.

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China 'locks radar' on Japan ship

5 February 2013 Last updated at 06:00 ET

A Chinese vessel has locked its weapon-targeting radar on a Japanese ship, Tokyo says, amid mounting tensions over a territorial row.

Japanese Defence Minister Itsunori Onodera said the incident happened on 30 January near islands claimed by both nations in the East China Sea.

He said this prompted Tokyo to lodge a formal protest with Beijing on Tuesday.

The row, over islands known as Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China, has escalated in recent months.

"On 30 January, something like fire-control radar was directed at a Japan Self-Defence Maritime escort ship in the East China Sea," Mr Onodera told reporters on Tuesday.

The minister added that a Japanese military helicopter was also targeted with a similar radar a few days earlier.

"Directing such radar is very abnormal. We recognise it would create a very dangerous situation if a single misstep occurred," he said.

China has so far made no official comments on the issue.

The dispute over their ownership of the islands has been rumbling for years, but it reignited in 2012 when the Japanese government purchased three of the islands from their private, Japanese owner.

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'Many die' in Iraq police attack

3 February 2013 Last updated at 05:56 ET

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The attackers were wearing police uniforms

At least 16 people have been killed as suicide bombers and gunmen attacked a police HQ in the northern Iraqi city of Kirkuk, medical sources say.

Officials said militants had tried to seize the compound after a bomb exploded at the gates, but were unsuccessful. A police chief was hurt.

No group has said it carried out the attack.

Kirkuk is ethnically mixed, and at the centre of a dispute between Baghdad and the Kurds over oil and land rights.

Sunni insurgents linked to al-Qaeda have been blamed for much of the recent violence in Iraq.

However, there has been a relative calm in recent days.

'Terrifying' explosion

The attack took place at around 09:15 local time (06:15 GMT) in the centre of Kirkuk.

"I saw a vehicle stop at the checkpoint at the main entrance, and the police started checking it," eyewitness Kosrat Hassan Karim told the AFP news agency.

"Suddenly, a loud explosion happened, it was terrifying."

Two militants reportedly dressed in police uniforms and armed with guns, grenades and suicide vests rushed the main gate of the headquarters after the bomb was detonated.

One was killed immediately by police. They tried to dismantle the other's suicide vest but were unsuccessful, so they shot him dead, reports said.

At least 90 people were injured including local police chief Brigadier Sarhad Qader and the press officer of the police directorate, whose conditions are described as critical. Both have been moved to a hospital in Irbil.

Firefighting chief Brig-Gen Naseh Mohammed put the death toll as high as 30.

The attack caused massive damage to nearby buildings.

Traffic in the city centre was stopped, and offices in the area were evacuated.

With its massive oil reserves, Kirkuk is the most bitterly contested of Iraq's disputed territories.

It houses a mixture of Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen.

The Kurds want to incorporate it into their largely autonomous region, while Arabs and Turkmen oppose any change to its current status, ruled directly from Baghdad.

Correspondents say militants often exploit differences between the Iraqi and Kurdish security forces by launching deadly attacks in the city.

Two weeks ago at least 10 people were killed in a suicide bomb attack on the offices of the Kurdish Democratic Party in the city.

Days later, a suicide bomber killed at least 23 people at a Shia mosque in the nearby village of Tuz Khurmato, mainly populated by ethnic Turkmen.

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Two Philippines hostages released

2 February 2013 Last updated at 22:56 ET

Islamist militants in the Philippines have released two Filipino members of a TV crew, who were kidnapped last June.

Ramel Vela and Roland Letriro have been taken to a hospital in the southern Sulu province after their release. It is unclear why the Jordanian reporter they were working with was not freed.

The men were captured as they set out to interview Abu Sayyaf militants, a group linked to al-Qaeda.

A number of foreigners are being held for ransom in the southern Philippines.

Areas within Sulu province, whose capital is Jolo, and the wider region are used as bases by Islamist militants and rebel groups.

Mr Vela, a cameraman, and Mr Letriro, an audio technician, were taken hostage as they set out to interview Abu Sayyaf militants in their jungle lair in the autonomous Sulu island province.

"They really lost weight because they were constantly under stress each day," provincial police chief Antonio Freyra told the Associated Press.

A Jordanian reporter, Abdulla Atyani, captured along with Mr Vela and Mr Letriro, is believed to still be in captivity, Mr Freya said.

Meanwhile, Warren Rodwell, an Australian kidnapped by Abu Sayyaf militants in 2011, was shown alive in a video posted on social media last December.

Looking thin and haggard in the video, Mr Rodwell said: "I personally hold no hope at all for being released."

The Abu Sayyaf is on the US list of terrorist organisations.

It is considered the smallest and most radical of the extremist movements in the southern Philippines.

The group remains a security threat in the impoverished region where minority Muslims have been fighting for self-rule for decades.

The main Muslim separatist group, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, recently signed a peace accord with the government in exchange for broad autonomy.

But the Abu Sayyaf were among the rebel groups who refused to sign up to the peace deal.

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UK to host Afghan-Pakistani talks

2 February 2013 Last updated at 23:34 ET

British Prime Minister David Cameron will hold key talks with the leaders of Afghanistan and Pakistan to discuss the Afghan peace process.

The trilateral summit - the third since last summer - is aimed at improving co-operation between both countries to promote regional stability.

For the first time Afghan and Pakistani army and intelligence chiefs will also take part in the discussions.

Nato troops are scheduled to withdraw from Afghanistan by the end of 2014.

In a process initiated by Mr Cameron last year, Afghan President Hamid Karzai and Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari have agreed to work together on a framework of co-operation following the international troops' departure next year.

The steadily approaching deadline for the military exit will inevitably be a key factor in the talks, not least for Pakistan with its concerns about security across the region from then on, the BBC's World Affairs correspondent, Mike Wooldridge, reports.

Overcoming mistrust

Mr Cameron will host a dinner with Mr Karzai and Mr Zardari at his official country residence Chequers north of London on Sunday evening.

He will then hold the in-depth talks with both presidents and their key officials on Monday.

"This trilateral process sends a very clear message to the Taliban: now is the time for everyone to participate in a peaceful political process in Afghanistan," Downing Street said in a statement.

"As the prime minister has set out previously, a stable Afghanistan is not just in the interests of Afghans, but also in the interests of their neighbours and the UK."

Overcoming mistrust between Afghanistan and Pakistan remains a central issue, our correspondent reports.

The Afghan government has made it clear that it views the recent freeing by Pakistan of a number of Taliban prisoners as positive, he says.

But it still wants the release of the former second-in-command of the Afghan Taliban, Mullah Baradar, in the hope that a senior figure like him could influence the Taliban to engage in talks with Kabul.

For the first time, the trilateral talks will also include military and intelligence chiefs from both Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Officials believe this could help in tackling some of the most sensitive issues to do with reconciliation efforts, our correspondent says.

Meanwhile Mr Karzai told the BBC's Pashto Service that Afghan people should take the initiative for peace into their own hands.

"As neither the communist government, nor the Mujahedeen brought peace and security to the country, if we do not carefully manage our peace process the way we did not in the past, we will not achieve stability or security," Mr Karzai said.

The first two rounds of the trilateral talks were held in Kabul and New York last year.

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Bolshoi director 'knows' attacker

3 February 2013 Last updated at 04:30 ET

The Bolshoi Ballet's artistic director says he is "absolutely certain" he knows who is behind an acid attack that left him badly injured last month.

Sergei Filin told the BBC he would not name names until investigators are ready to make an announcement.

He said he was sure the aim of the attack was to remove him as artistic director and destroy the prestigious Moscow ballet company's reputation.

Mr Filin is due to fly to Germany next week to continue his treatment.

His eyes were badly damaged in the 17 January attack in Moscow, and he said he had already undergone five operations and was under constant monitoring.

The 42-year-old said he knew that some people had disliked the way he was taking the ballet company, which is known for its infighting and rivalries, but believed he had no "obvious enemies".

He also said he wished he had taken more seriously the months of threats and harassment he had suffered, accepting now that it was "leading up to the tragedy to come".

Here is the interview with the BBC's Steve Rosenberg, conducted on Saturday:

How's the treatment going?

The treatment's going well. I'm pleased. But the most important thing is whether the doctors are satisfied. Overall, it's going ok. I feel well. My body is full of strength and energy. The priority now is my eyesight. Because the biggest and most serious problem remains my eyes.

How is your eyesight?

I can't say. I've had four operations already and today I had another small operation which wasn't planned. My eyes are being monitored constantly. One eye was more damaged than the other. The left eye was damaged a little less, the right eye was damaged more. So there's a lot of work going on to treat them. It wouldn't be right for me to comment on my condition, I think it's up to the doctors to do that. But I can say this. Based on what I feel, when the doctors give me the opportunity to sort of open my eyes and try to see something, I think that there's a chance that I will be able to see my children again. I really want to believe that.

Had you been threatened before?

I've said many times that what happened was connected solely with my work in the Bolshoi Theatre. Of course, I had received threats. I think I had brushed them aside too easily. I ignored the advice of my friends to take on a driver and a bodyguard. Because the intimidation I was encountering - the mass attacks on my mobile phones, that kept ringing constantly, the hacking of my email accounts, my messages were totally rewritten in a negative way and posted on Facebook - I see now that all of this was leading up to the tragedy to come. I think that if I'd taken this more seriously and seen it as a sign of an attack, if I'd at least taken on a driver, then this never would have happened.

Were there concrete threats, like "If you don't do this, we'll do that…"?

No, no-one threatened me face-to-face.

What do you think the aim of the attack was?

I think there was a double aim. What's clear here is the psychosis of one or more people who were in a hurry to cause me a lot of pain to fulfil their own personal ambitions. That's the first thing. The second aim was to remove me as the Bolshoi's artistic director for a long period, and to damage the reputation of the Bolshoi Ballet. Because I think we've done a lot, and we're doing a lot, we're moving in the right direction there. And someone really doesn't like what I've been doing there, perhaps they don't like the fact I've been successful.

Why do you think someone wanted to get rid of you from the Bolshoi? Did you make enemies?

When I get on with life and work, I don't have time to think about whether I have enemies. I don't have any obvious enemies. I've had an interesting and a sparkling career. And throughout that there was never a moment when I feared going outside, or when I was looking over my shoulder. I'm a very honest person. I have my opinions on things, I take tough decisions. I was a manager, the manager of a very serious collective, the Bolshoi Ballet. Perhaps there are people who didn't like that, or who thought I shouldn't be, or who consider themselves hard done by. But I can't call them my enemies. Why did they want to get rid of me? I'd like to wait before answering that. I think the investigators will provide the answer to that.

I don't expect you to name any names, but do you have an idea who could have done this?

Yes, I not only have a suspicion about who did this, but I'm absolutely certain I know who did this. But I will only speak about this when investigators are ready to announce this.

What measures have you taken to protect yourself and your family in the future?

I haven't had time for this, because in hospital, every day, I have had to undergo dozens of medical procedures, several operations, first on the skin of my face, then my eyes. Every day, eyes, skin, eyes, face. As for my family's safety, the whole family is now being guarded.

What are your plans now? Will you be going to Germany for further medical treatment?

Yes. If I'll be stable today and tomorrow, without serious problems, then on Monday I will fly to Germany for further treatment.

What message would you send to the people who organised this attack?

You know, I invited a priest to the hospital to talk about this very subject. He took my confession. I told him that I forgive everyone connected to this terrifying crime. And I sincerely want them to understand that I have forgiven them. Because the Lord will judge them.

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Russia marks Stalingrad anniversary

1 February 2013 Last updated at 22:13 ET

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Up to a million soldiers died in the six months of intense warfare

Russian President Vladimir Putin will lead tributes to mark the 70th anniversary of the end of the Battle of Stalingrad.

The city of Stalingrad, which was renamed Volgograd in 1961, will regain its wartime name for the event, following a council decision.

Around one million people are thought to have died in the battle, as Soviet troops defeated the Germans.

It is considered one of the major turning points of World War II.

The vast death toll is not the only reason why the battle has huge significance in Russia, the BBC's Moscow correspondent Daniel Sandford reports.

It is seen as the moment when the tide was turned against the Nazis.

From Stalingrad some Soviet soldiers fought all the way to Berlin, he adds.

The defeat threw Hitler's offensive in the Soviet Union into disarray.

The victory in World War II is one of the things that unites all Russians, our correspondent adds.

'Hero city'

President Putin will lead the solemn commemorations at the battle site, which will include a military parade and a wreath-laying ceremony at the eternal flame in the Hall of Heroes.

There will also be an 18-gun salute with World War II-era Soviet artillery.

"At the heart of all Russia's victories and achievements are patriotism, faith and strength of spirit," Mr Putin said in a televised speech on Friday.

"In Word War II, these true values inspired our people and our army."

Some German veterans have also been invited to the tribute, along with senior military commanders from Russia's allies in the war - Britain and the US.

On Wednesday, the council of Volgograd passed a decision to restore the city's wartime name of Stalingrad on six specific days a year.

The dates, all associated with military commemorations, are 2 February, 9 May, 22 June, 23 August, 2 September and 19 November.

Under the decision, the title "Hero City Stalingrad" will be used during commemorations as "a symbol of Volgograd", the council said.

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• 2 February - the defeat of the Nazi German forces at Stalingrad
• 9 May - Victory (in Europe) Day
• 22 June - anniversary of Nazi invasion of USSR
• 23 August - commemoration of civilians killed by mass German air raid on Stalingrad
• 2 September - end of World War II (Japanese surrender)
• 19 November - launch of Operation Uranus to trap Germans and their allies at Stalingrad

"We may use this symbol officially in our speeches, reports and while conducting public events," the council ruling states.

The decision was taken after "numerous requests" from World War II veterans, officials said.

The city has had three names during the past century. It was originally known as Tsaritsyn before being renamed in 1925 in honour of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, who led Bolshevik forces there during the Russian Civil War.

The German attack on Stalingrad began on 19 August 1942.

Stalingrad was a strategically important city in their campaign to occupy the south of Russia and take control of the Caucasus oilfields.

It was also of symbolic importance because of its name.

After six months of ferocious fighting, Soviets troops eventually smashed the German siege.

It is one of the bloodiest battles in modern history.

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Timbuktu hails French president

2 February 2013 Last updated at 05:58 ET

France's president is visiting Mali, three weeks after French-led troops launched an offensive to oust Islamist rebels from the country's north.

Francois Hollande was welcomed by dignitaries and residents in Timbuktu, six days after the city was recaptured.

He is expected to thank the French soldiers and stress the need for an African force to replace them swiftly.

Meanwhile, the UN has warned of the risk of reprisal attacks against Tuareg and Arab communities in northern Mali.

The UN special adviser on the prevention of genocide, Adama Dieng, said there had been serious allegations of human rights violations committed by the Malian army, including summary executions and disappearances.

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"Start Quote

We must tell [President Hollande] that he has cut down the tree but still has to tear up its roots"

End Quote Fanta Diarra Toure Timbuktu resident

There had also been reports of incidents of mob lynching and looting of properties belonging to Arab and Tuareg communities, which had been accused of supporting armed Islamist groups, Mr Dieng added.

"I call on the Malian army to discharge its responsibility to protect all populations, irrespective of their race or ethnicity," he said.

The allegations came as heavily-armoured columns of French and Malian troops continued their advance in northern Mali.

They are attempting to secure the north-eastern city of Kidal, the militants' last stronghold, having captured the airport on Wednesday.

'International force'

Mr Hollande flew into the central town of Sevare on Saturday morning, accompanied by his ministers of defence, foreign affairs and development. Mali's interim President, Dioncounda Traore, met them at the airport.

Continue reading the main story

Mali crisis timeline

• October 2011: Ethnic Tuaregs launch new rebellion after returning with weapons from Libya, where they had fought for Gaddafi
• March 2012: Military officers depose President Amadou Toumani Toure over handling of rebellion
• April 2012: Tuareg and Islamist fighters seize control of northern Mali, declare independence
• June 2012: Islamist groups capture Timbuktu, Kidal and Gao from Tuaregs, start to destroy Muslim shrines that offend their puritan views
• September 2012: Islamist rebels seize town of Douentza, crossing into central Mali and threatening government-held south
• January 2013: Islamist fighters capture central town of Konna, raising fears they could march on capital. President Dioncounda Traore asks France for help. French intervention begins.

They then flew to Timbuktu's airport before being driven to the 700-year-old mud mosque of Djingareyber and the Ahmed Baba Institute, where fleeing militants set fire to about 2,000 priceless manuscripts.

Thousands of locals gathered in the city's main square to welcome Mr Hollande. Many changed "Vive la France" and praised the president for ordering the military intervention in France's former colony.

"The women of Timbuktu will thank Francois Hollande forever," 53-year-old Fanta Diarra Toure told the AFP news agency.

"We must tell him that he has cut down the tree but still has to tear up its roots," she added, referring to the Islamist militants.

Speaking on Friday before he flew to Mali, Mr Hollande said he wanted "to express to our soldiers all our support, encouragement and pride".

"I'm also going to ensure that African forces come and join us as quickly as possible and to tell them we need them for this international force," he added.

He said he wanted Mali's transitional government to restore democracy soon and begin a political dialogue with opposition groups in the north.

The BBC's Andrew Harding in Timbuktu says Timbuktu is still half empty, but the sense of relief among those who endured months of brutal occupation is overwhelming.

However, this is not quite a "mission accomplished" moment for Mr Hollande, because the Islamist militants remain a threat, our correspondent adds.

US Defence Secretary Leon Panetta said on Friday that the French-led forces had recaptured the major population centres "must faster" than he had expected, but warned that they now had to ensure long-term security.

"They have made tremendous progress, I give them a lot of credit," he told the AFP news agency.

"But the challenge now is to make sure that you can maintain that security and that you are not overstretched and that, ultimately, as you begin to pull back, that the other African nations are prepared to move in and fill the gap of providing security."

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